Exercise is one of the most efficient ways to maintain good health. One of the key benefits of exercise is that it helps normalise the glucose, insulin and leptin levels by optimising insulin/leptin receptor sensitivity.
Exercise affects the body, directly and indirectly. The majority of side effects of exercise are beneficial.
- improved sexual function
- changes in gene expression
- clearer skin
- improved mood
- improved sleep
What happens in the body when exercising?
1. Muscles: Glucose and ATP are used for contraction and movement. To create more ATP, the body needs extra oxygen so breathing increased and heart pumps blood to the muscles.
2. Lungs: As the muscles call for more oxygen the breathing rate increases. Once the muscles surrounding the lungs can not move any faster, the VO2 max is achieved, which is the maximum capacity of oxygen use. .
3. Heart: Heart rate increases with physical activity in order to supply more oxygenated blood to the muscles. The fitter you are, the more efficiently the heart can do this, allowing you to work longer and harder.
4. Brain: The increased blood flow benefits the brain by allowing it to function better. Regular exercise encourages the growth of new brain cells. The new brain cells in the hippocampus encourage memory and learning. Additionally various neurotransmitters such as endorphins, serotonin, dopamine and glutamate play a crucial role in mood control.
5. Joints and Bones: Peak bone mass is achieved in adulthood and then there is a decline. However through the aid of exercise a healthy bone mass can be achieved. More particularly, weight bearing exercise constitutes an effective remedy towards development of osteoporosis. Bones are porous and soft but along the years they become dense and more brittle.
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